Phoenix Energy Products Blog

March is Solar Madness Month and Bring the Green will focus on educating you on solar power.

March 5th, 2010

What is PV solar?

Photovoltaic or PV solar panels are the roof-mounted units that convert solar radiation into electricity. It is considered clean energy because it is using renewable energy source (the sun) and solar is not emitting green house gasses.

The systems are measured by the amount of electricity they are able to produce. The measurement used is called kilowatt hours. Residential rooftop PV solar systems can generate anywhere from 2,000 to 20,000 kilowatt hours of electricity.

Sean Monaghan, of PEP Solar points out that, “The rule is this: residential systems must be at least 2,000 watts installed and to achieve the utility credits, it must satisfy at least 50% of the energy for your home.” So, the size of the system you need depends on the size of your home and energy needs of your family- if you want the utility credits. (You definitely do want to use the credits too. More on incentives and rebates next week.)

According to the New York Times, “Despite rapid growth in recent years, solar power accounts for less than 1 percent of United States electricity use. Solar power is more entrenched in European countries such as Spain and Germany, which have promoted its development with strong incentives called feed-in tariffs,which require electric utilities to buy solar power at a high, fixed price. In the United States, California is by far the leading solar state.”

Let’s change that and make Arizona the leading state. For more information on getting solar for your home contact my solar expert, Sean Monaghan at PEP solar sm@pepsolar.com and tell him the Green Queen sent you!


Melisa Camp, M.Ed.
Realtor ®, GREEN
Arizona’s LEED for Homes Advocate
Young Professionals Network Chair, Phoenix Assoc. of Realtors

www.greenphoenixproperty.com
www.greenqueen.featuredblog.com

Bring The Green: Greenwashing

March 3rd, 2010

All natural, green, eco-friendly, and made sustainably are all buzz words you may have read on packaging or in advertising. The list of green buzz words goes on. How do you know if the product or service is truly green? These companies may be greenwashing, or falsely promoting or exaggerating the greenness of a product or service. You, the consumer, need to know how to spot greenwashing in a time when it is good to be green and green is the color of money driving the greenwashing.

  • Watch out for vague claims. I am aware of a local builder claiming to build “green homes”, when in actuality there are only a couple of green features in the entire home.
  • Read through the buzz words on labeling. When I grocery shop I look for hormone-free, antibiotic free, grass-fed, and organic, not 100% natural, pure, real, healthy, etc. The last group of words are subject to interpretation and are more opinion based than fact. What natural, pure, or healthy means to you may be different than those in the corporate marketing department.
  • Look for trusted certifications like Green Seal, FSC, LEED, EnergyStar, USDA Organic
  • Seek facts that are verifiable. A product may claim to be energy efficient, but in comparison to what? Look for something precise and  measurable for comparison.
  • Use Google. Enter the product or company plus the word environment to see what comes up.

Be an active consumer and know you will have to do some critical thinking to evaluate claims of advertising. Don’t believe everything you hear and know some companies will exaggerate  green features and environmental benefits to make consumers feel good.

See the article, Why is Greenwashing A Problem? for more information and also my attachment on avoiding greenwashing for homes.

Comment about greenwashing on my blog http://greenqueen.featuredblog.com. Also, email me if you are interested in working on a project to stop greenwashing in AZ.


Melisa Camp, M.Ed.
Realtor ®, GREEN
Arizona’s LEED for Homes Advocate
Young Professionals Network Chair, Phoenix Assoc. of Realtors

www.greenphoenixproperty.com
www.greenqueen.featuredblog.com

Bring the Green: ReGreen your home

February 12th, 2010

What is the ReGreen program? How can I make my home more green on my terms?

According to Green homeowners top 3 benefits of a Green home are:
1. Healthier place to live.
2. Lower operating costs.
3. Part of a more sustainable lifestyle.
(Source: Smart Market Report, McGraw Hill Construction, 2008)

This week I attended a webinar on a newer program brought to you by the U.S. Green Building Council (USGBC) and American Society of Interior Designers (ASID)  called ReGreen. ReGreen is a solution and resource geared toward making existing homes more green. http://www.regreenprogram.org

You can use the program as a do-it yourself guide or can be used with professionals to do the work for you. It can be minimal changes or a complete gut rehab/deep energy retrofit. There is a lot of flexibility depending on the individual homeowner. If you want to do a small weekend project or remodel your whole home, this website has all the solutions. Be sure to play with the interactive tool called the “Green My Project Tool” and explore the case studies to see actual ‘regreened’ homes.

Unlike the LEED for Homes program, there are no points or certifications, prerequisites, or requirements tied to this program. However, there are many synergies and linkages to the LEED for Homes rating system. See website for more details.

“You must be the change you wish to see in the world.” -Ghandi


Melisa Camp, M.Ed.
Realtor ®, GREEN
Arizona’s LEED for Homes Advocate

www.greenphoenixproperty.com
www.greenqueen.featuredblog.com

What is Zero Net Energy Building

February 5th, 2010

One of PEP Solar’s Green Realtor says:

“In a nutshell, a net zero building is the mac-daddy of green design and sustainable living. All kidding aside, the zero net energy building is a building that is completely self-sustainable in terms of energy use. This building is producing the same or more energy than it consumes and it is producing zero carbon emissions. People living in a net zero home or working in a net zero building are not producing a carbon footprint!

The building can be off-the grid, meaning it is not drawing any power from the electric companies and it is not connected to the power lines. Buildings can produce their own ‘green energy’ through solar, wind, or micro-hydro. Stay tuned for more on green energy as I gear up for March’s Solar Madness Month.

Real life example: Habitat for Humanity recently completed the Legacy Project, an affordable zero net home in Phoenix.

Not a fan of GreenPhoenixProperty yet? Follow us on Facebook and Twitter.

Interested in being part of Arizona’s LEED for Homes Advocacy Committee? Email me as I’m putting a team together now. Also check us out on Facebook. ”

Melisa Camp, M.Ed.
Realtor ®, GREEN
Arizona’s LEED for Homes Advocate

www.greenphoenixproperty.com
www.greenqueen.featuredblog.com

Why Is A Property With Solar Photovoltaic Worth More?

January 20th, 2010

Overview
Solar electric systems increase the value of property the following ways:

  • Solar PV systems reduce or eliminate the energy cost for the property.
  • Solar PV systems protect or eliminate future rate inflation due to approved increases.
  • Solar PV provides improved ability for multiple financial investment vehicles such as 401k, property upgrades, and increased cash position in property owned or operated.
  • Solar PV is allowed to be in accelerated devaluation for tax purposes helping ownership values to improve quickly.

Based on Nevin, Bender, and Gazan from The Appraisal Journal it’s more than financially quantifiable to integrate solar. A solar electric system due to income generated increases home value by $20,000 for each $1,000 in annual reduced operating costs, supported by the entire Appraisal Institute. A solar electric system goes beyond other property improvements in percentage of cost recovered. Most solar systems will recover much more than 100% of its cost, only increasing over time as electric rates rise.

Commodity
Solar is required to compete on financial terms residential or business as communities expect, regardless of the intangible social benefits it provides. Some intangible benefits have high regard to some, but most seem to focus on the value. The real question to ask is, “is solar a commodity”, as we review its overall operational uses. Most identify with the terms asset or commodity.

Even today solar can be verifiable it lasts a very long time. Phoenix Energy Products has been able to check an install completed by PEP from 27 years ago out lasting the originating 10 year warranty at Rio Verde and 168th street in Scottsdale. As, property owners wonder if he or she must sell the property before the system has achieved payback, an appliance such as solar retains its value through the 25 years that’s offered today in warranty. With new laws in The American Recovery ACT of 2009, system values and depreciation have been addressed by allowing the owner of the solar system to accelerate the depreciation.

Increased Value Through Saving
When solar is added to a property the cost of operation is immediately reduced. Electric bills once extremely large amounts are reduced to almost zero per month excluding excise tax, franchise fees or minimum fees. Important factors when reviewing overall system production is based on the following:

  • How much energy is being produced by the solar system in terms of percentage up to 125%.
  • When the energy is generated at the property.
  • When the energy is consumed at the property.
  • The amount of energy exported to the utility based on Net-Metering measurements.
  • Time of use rates for firm and non-firm energy imported or exported from the utility.

With the understanding of solar as a commodity creating opportunities to increase value from savings, its now a value statement. Articles by Nevin, Bender, and Gazan in The Appraisal Journal, the increase in appraisal value for a home with a solar PV system is 20 times the annul reduction in operating costs due to that energy efficiency measure. So, if a solar system can reduce the electrical bill by $3600 per year ($300 a month), the home is worth $72,000 more in increased appraised value.

Appreciation Overview
Homebuyers are more understandably more geared to pay more for a used solar system on an existing home than the net cost of a new system. Even if retro-fitting would indicate they can get a new one at 100% because the research has been completed and the work done. We see this phenomenon today when a buyer pays 4% more for homes with decks than if purchasing a home without a deck and contracted for its installation. More convincing numbers can be found from Remodeling Online in their reports in such cities as Boston, St Louis, or even in San Francisco paying 215% of the cost for retrofits. Other retrofits were closer to 100% for other types of property improvements were reviewed.

Depreciation Overview
As the solar system ages, appreciation is expected to continue as electric rates increase. For example, the more rates rise the greater the ratio 20 to 1 creates on value. This aging will continue since most solar PV systems now generate at least 80% of their power to 25 years and hardware (not financial) depreciation will be expected to accelerate at this time. All system warranties are required to be at least 25 years before solar modules are set to expire.

Generation Value Support
Homebuyers will be at the least be willing to pay 100% of originating costs for a retrofit system with 20 to 1 ratios only increasing with inflated electrical prices. The overall feeling of the current or future owner will be the assurance that they can get their money back out of the system if they need to sell. Even in California who is now experiencing a price rebate reduction are seeing prices for solar go through the roof. Customers will quickly understand the value as all of these formulas currently starting to play out in Arizona.

Variables: $3.00/W Rebate, $1000 AZ Tax Credit, 30% Federal Tax Credit
Simple roof integration by a developer/service provider with minimal complications.

CONCLUSION

There are so many ways solar increases value from social responsibility, health, securing our homeland, but most of all our communities. Property values are shown in this article to directly affect the ability to rise above comparables to other properties without solar due to real income savings. Solar is a commodity by disabling the cord from the buyer or property owner from the energy grid directly tied to worldwide market conditions. Solar PV systems reduce or even eliminate the current and future energy operating cost of the property. Solar creates a hedge against the effects of electric rate inflation. As a component of the property they can provide an attractive vehicle for financial investment. All these items are tangible benefits financially quantifiable. A Solar PV system increases the home value 20 to 1 for every annual dollar reduced operating costs due to the system. In Arizona, a solar PV system compares directly with other home improvements in percentage of cost recovered, often recovering more than 100% of its originating install cost.

www.phoenixenergyproducts.com www.kellerwilliams.com www.soldonphoenix.com www.solarealty.com

How To Benefit From Ultra Low Energy LED Lighting:

December 11th, 2009

Whether you are simply curious about the new LED home lighting solutions or already know a bit about LED technology the fact is that LED lighting is the future not CFLs.

This article aims to clear up some of the confusion that surrounds the various low energy domestic lighting solutions currently available to consumers, looks at what you need to know about low energy lighting and installing low energy light bulbs and provides a simple guide and helpful LED lighting advice for anyone unfamiliar with evaluating LED lighting.

Shedding some light on the lighting’s background.

The lighting systems we are most familiar with in a domestic setting are based on GLS (General Lighting Service ) light bulbs – these are incandescent filaments that literally burn.  This burning in the bulb converts their input energy into 98% heat with the remainder 2% given off as incidental light.

GLS bulbs have a typical lifespan of 1000 hours, at which point, having converted your non-cheap electricity into vastly more heat than light, also need to be replaced often. To give some replacement cycle understanding, if you started out in life with a single GLS light bulb that you used for just 3 hours per each day, you would need to re-purchase over 130 replacements during the course of your life.

At approximately $1 per light bulb say, that’s $130. To add to the already extreme cost of replacing the GLS-bulb in your kitchen, the cost far exceeds the replacement when you add energy at somewhere above $1300 in electricity bills.  WOW!  When can I go to my vacation trip or move this in my investment account?

And that’s just ONE crummy little light bulb for a few small hours each day. Now you know one reason why your electricity bill is so high.  An easy solution to building your son’s or daughter’s college fund is just a few light bulbs away.

Reality sets in demonstrating regular GLS incandescent light bulbs are economically a poor choice for your family and an extremely bad way to light our world. It’s already hot in the southwest, and you are using your air conditioning to keep them cool.  So this means all of us are generating a huge amount of waste energy on heat.  If we invested in this stock, Heat radiating at 98% and just 2% for light production, bad odds for a poor performing 401k.  Then to add to the production of the product, all the gas heat and electric heat needed by lighting manufacturers to make all those replacement light bulbs.  There is a disposal issue just waiting to be told but we will skip it.

Governments everywhere are alarmed by this and many governments in the developed world have enacted legislation to phase out the production of GLS and use for standard incandescent bulbs by 2013.  By 2015, it will be illegal to use this technology because of implications to our secondary and third energy conditions and requirements.

In 3 to 5 short years, GLS light bulbs will no longer be available anywhere in the world.

What needs to be understood with low energy using light bulbs?  There are many problems with CFL light bulbs compared to GLS and LED lighting, but the short answer is that they are bad news on all fronts.  One major issue is CFL’s are extremely toxic and they can kill your child if they come into contact with the mercury inside the glass.  Put all these lights in the landfills, and we are waiting for the next super fund site never witnessed before in the history of our world.

Total cost of ownership for CFLs are poor because of the purchase and running costs put together.  Light quality is extremely bad, bulbs are bulky, they are noisy, most cannot be dimmed and energy efficiency is not great, and the best attribute is CFLs contain toxic mercury vapor and are therefore hazardous waste.

Even the lighting industry is ready to go beyond CFLs and into a lighting technology that really can deliver safe, high-quality light that is low-cost, low-energy, low-heat, low-carbon footprint, with ultra long life-spans.

The lighting industry is the sharp end of the reality statement for global warming and the energy crisis accompanying oil depletion.  Even the best oil reserved countries are now stating they are out of oil and the solution that the lighting industry giants such as Philips have now put their investment behind LED energy saving lighting.

How and Where To Use LED Lighting

The first thing to understand about LED lamps is that the light they emit is directional – most are focused on a single spot. So they are an excellent choice for lighting applications that have similar characteristics. Some examples are as follows:

garden lighting

street lamps

tube lighting

spot lights

accent lighting

sconce lighting

tracks and clusters

recessed down lights

security lighting

walk-in closets

desk lamps

decorative & feature lighting

garden lighting

Most homes and businesses use this type of lighting in kitchens, bathrooms, hallways and basements.

Try replacing your halogen spotlights with the CREE 3-Watt XLamp which is available in a full range of colors, and with a maximum luminous flux above 90 lumens for a regular 35w halogen.

Less obvious uses of halogen lighting are desk lamps or slim cabinet lights, which use G4 halogen capsules. These lamps are cost effectively when replaced with LED G4 capsules that simply push into the existing fitting.

Domestic LED lighting is also particularly effective in situations that have no natural light at all and can therefore use only artificial light, since LED lights have a light quality that is unique and in many ways more versatile than traditional lighting. A really great basement idea could create for example using a mixture of colored LED mood lights and cool LED spots. So, when planning any new DIY projects, consider how and where you might incorporate LED lighting to add a new dimension, as well as saving you real money long term and helping the environment. Basements, workshops, garages and the like also often have T8 fluorescent tubes fitted and these are great candidates to replace with LED T8 tubes that cost less to run, don’t need replacing as often, don’t induce flickering and give off almost no heat so less energy used by your air conditioning.

LED lights also work well in strips, so replacing T5 fluorescent tubes under kitchen units and lighting inside cupboards are both excellent applications, not least because LED kitchen lighting gives off almost no heat, and their super-bright light is required in a small area rather than spread widely.  LEDs are still limited for round illumination such as a table lamp with a lamp shade. Although, we see LED candle and LED GLS replacement globe bulbs outperforming general domestic incandescent lighting.

Compare LED to 100w incandescent bulb and LEDs are powered by a mere 13w LED chip that will last for 50,000 hours and deliver massive savings in electricity costs even with the high price still represents excellent value for the money.

So LED lighting is currently best at directional lighting.

LED Equivalent Wattages

Next, we need to understand power ratings. We are used to traditional light bulbs being rated according to their wattage; the amount of energy they use.  Understanding what we know, 100w is pretty bright while 40w is comfortable in a lounge for example and 10w is basically a courtesy or night light.

Low energy LED lights don’t conform to this scale because they don’t consume anywhere close to the same amount of electricity since nearly all their input power is converted to light rather than wasted as heat. So how do we compare the two?

As a guide, simply divide an incandescent wattage rating by ten. An example: To replace a 60w halogen lamp, both 12 volt MR16 and GU10 fittings commonly available for LED replacements, a LED spot light rated at 7w would probably be the best replacement. Move up 12w and your LED is going to be closer to a regular floodlight.

The angle of the light beam from the lamp has a considerable impact. A narrow angle, say 40 degrees or less will shine all of its light onto a relatively focused area which will appear very bright. A wider angle, anything from 70 to 120 degrees for example, will disperse the illumination over a wider area but because the light is diluted less light will shine brightly.

Where to Buy LED Home Lighting

We recommend buying LED home lighting from your local Lowe’s Home Improvement stores.  If you are new to low energy LED home lighting then someone is always available at a Lowe’s store to assist you.

Unlike traditional light bulbs, LED lighting is a long term investment. It will without a doubt save ton of money in the years (decades in fact).

Most LED lights actually cost less to run than to purchase – and since they last for a very, very long time it’s a staggering fact.

There is no reason at all why you shouldn’t buy LED light bulbs direct online – but it would be sensible to first get to know which particular types of LED lamp suit you and your requirements and then to stick to buying from reputable web sites that offer warranties. You tend to get what you pay for and when buying low energy consumption domestic LED lighting the best advice is to buy top quality brands. You’ll always save money in the long run.

If you have any questions please visit our web site at www.phoenixenergyproducts.com or contact us at (623) 806-8806.

Photovoltaic and Module History

November 16th, 2009

Whether on a solar-powered-calculator or a space station, solar panels generate electricity using the same principles of electronics as chemical batteries or electrical outlets. Solar panels are about the free flow of electrons through a solar designed circuit.

The basic element of solar panels is the same element that helped create the computer revolution using pure silicon. When silicon is stripped of all impurities, it creates ideal neutral platforms transmitting electrons. Silicon also has atomic level properties which make it ideal for the creation of solar panels.

Silicon has room for eight electrons in their outer atomic bands, but just carries four in their natural state. This means there is room for four more electrons. If one silicon atom contacts another silicon atom, each receives the other atom’s four electrons and this creates a strong bond.  The atom has no positive or negative charge because the eight electrons satisfy the atoms’ state. Silicon atoms can combine for years becoming a large piece of pure silicon. This material is used to form the cell plates of solar panels.

Two cell plates of pure silicon would not generate electricity, because there is no positive or negative charge. So, solar panels are created by combining silicon with other elements that do have positive or negative charges. Phosphorus has five electrons to offer to other atoms. If silicon and phosphorus are combined chemically, the result is a stable eight electrons with an additional free electron available to connect. It cannot leave, because it is bonded to the other phosphorus atoms, but it’s not needed by the silicon. Therefore, this new silicon-phosphorus plate is considered to be negatively charged.

In order for electricity to flow, a positive charge must also be created. This is achieved in solar panels by combining silicon with an element such as boron, which only has three electrons. A silicon-boron cell plate still has one spot left for another electron. This means the cell plate has a positive charge. The two cell plates are sandwiched together in solar panels, with conductive wires running between them.

Natural sunlight sends out different particle types of energy, but solar panels are interested in photons. A photon acts like a moving wave. When the negative plates of solar cells are pointed at a proper angle to the sun, photons bombard the silicon-phosphorus atoms.

At some point the 9th electron, which wants to be free, is knocked off the outer ring. This electron doesn’t remain free for long, since the positive silicon-boron plate draws it into the open spot on its own outer band. As the sun’s photon waves break off more electrons, electricity is generated. Whatever electrons are not lost in the air are returned to the negative cell plate and the entire process begins again.

The same sunlight that provides photons also provides destructive ultraviolet and infrared waves, which eventually cause the panels to degrade physically on a linear scale.  The reason PEP Solar uses single crystal panels or Monocrystalline cells.

A technical statement for Monocrystalline cells:  A single crystal solid is a material in which the crystal lattice of the entire sample is continuous and unbroken to the edges of the sample, with no grain boundaries. The opposite of a single crystal sample is an amorphous structure where the atomic position is limited to short range order only. In between the two extremes exist polycrystalline and paracrystalline phases, which are made up of a number of smaller crystals known as crystallites.  Because of a variety of entropic effects on the microstructure of solids, including the distorting effects of impurities and the mobility of crystallographic defects and dislocations, single crystals of meaningful size are exceedingly rare in nature, and are also difficult to produce in the laboratory, though can be made – under controlled conditions (see also recrystallisation).

1839 – 1899

Discovery of photovoltaic effect, basic phenomena and PV materials

A physical phenomenon allowing light-electricity conversion – photovoltaic effect, was discovered in by 1839 the French physicist Alexandre Edmond Becquerel. Experimenting with metal electrodes and electrolyte he discovered that conductance rises with illumination.

1877

Solar Cells, first created cell

Willoughby Smith discovered photovoltaic effect in selenium in 1873. In 1876, with his student R. E. Day, William G Adams discovered that illuminating a junction between selenium and platinum also has a photovoltaic effect. These two discoveries were a foundation for the first selenium solar cell construction, which was built in 1877. Charles Fritts first described them in detail in 1883.

1887

Electric Affect, metal electrodes spark

In 1887, Heinrich Hertz discovered that ultraviolet light changes the voltage at which sparks between two metal electrodes would be initiated.

1900 – 1949

Theoretical explanation, the photovoltaic and solar cell effect

The author of the most comprehensive theoretical work about the photovoltaic effect was Albert Einstein, who described the phenomenon in 1904. For his theoretical explanation he was awarded a Nobel Prize in 1921. Einstein’s theoretical explanation was proved by Robert Millikan’s experiment in 1916

1918 – 1941

In 1918, a Polish scientist Jan Czochralski discovered a method for Monocrystalline silicon production, which enabled Monocrystalline solar cells production. The first silicon Monocrystalline solar cell was constructed in 1941.

So, PEP Solar has good reason to have chosen Monocrystalline modules for your solar roof top.  It is proven, it is not experimental, and it has been around for over 60 years.  In 2006 Wall Street investors are now supporting Monocrystalline as the number one product for solar.  It has had the longest test time of any product materials in the world.  PEP Solar still has connected and integrated solar systems from 27 years ago.  If you have any questions, please contact us at (623) 806-8806 or visit our web page at www.phoenixenergyproducts.com